2013 ZMK to KES Historical Review

YEARLY HIGH

0.0168 KES

YEARLY LOW

0.0160 KES

YEARLY AVERAGE

0.0165 KES

2013 ZMK to KES Performance & Market Timing Review

Analysis of key historical highlights and timing insights for 2013

During 2013, the ZMK to KES exchange rate experienced significant fluctuation. The market reached its absolute peak on August 13, valuing the pair at 0.0168. Conversely, the yearly low was recorded on April 29, dropping to 0.0160.

This high-to-low spread represents a total annual volatility of 0.0008 KES. From a start-to-finish perspective, comparing the January average rate of 0.0166 to the December average rate of 0.0164, the exchange rate registered a net change of -1.00% (reflecting a weakening trend).

Looking at year-over-year peak valuations, the 2013 high of 0.0168 was down 5.88% compared to the 2012 peak of 0.0178, indicating shifts in long-term support levels.

Transfer Payout Power Comparison

Comparing the value generated converting 5,000 ZMK based on timing:

Yearly Peak High 84 KES

2012 Average 82 KES

Yearly Trough Low 80 KES

Transaction Impact: A difference of 3.86 KES purely based on transaction execution date.

Trend Visualization

Monthly average fluctuations over the course of 2013.

0.0168

0.0160

JanuMarcMayJulySeptNove

ZMK to KES Seasonal Trends & Volatility Analysis

A structured review of seasonal halves, trading extremes, consecutive streaks, and historical baselines.

Seasonal Halves (H1 vs H2)

Seasonal

The average exchange rate in the first half of the year (H1: Jan–Jun) was 0.0164, compared to 0.0165 in the second half (H2: Jul–Dec). This shows that the rate was stronger in the second half (Jul–Dec) by a margin of 0.0002 points.

H1 Avg (Jan–Jun) 0.0164

H2 Avg (Jul–Dec) 0.0165

Volatility Range Comparison

Volatility

The most volatile month in 2013 was October, with a trading range of 0.0004 KES (High: 0.0166 / Low: 0.0162). On the other end, August was the most stable month, with a tight range of 0.0001 KES (High: 0.0168 / Low: 0.0167).

October Spread (Volatile) ±0.0004

August Spread (Stable) ±0.0001

Growth Streaks & Declines

Trends

Between May and August, the exchange rate recorded its longest consecutive growth streak of the year, climbing for 3 straight months. Conversely, the sharpest month-over-month decline occurred between September and October, when the average rate fell by 0.0004 points.

Longest Streak 3 Mo.

Sharpest MoM Drop -0.0004

Same-Month Historical Baseline

YoY Baseline

Comparing the current year's strongest month average (August 2013: 0.0167) against the same month in 2012 (average: 0.0171), the exchange rate shifted by -0.0004 (-2.37%).

2013 Avg (August) 0.0167

2012 Avg (August) 0.0171

Monthly Breakdown

Statistical summary for each calendar month.

Month	High	Low	Average
January	0.0167	0.0165	0.0166
February	0.0168	0.0165	0.0167
March	0.0166	0.0163	0.0164
April	0.0163	0.0160	0.0161
May	0.0163	0.0160	0.0161
June	0.0165	0.0162	0.0164
July	0.0167	0.0164	0.0166
August	0.0168	0.0167	0.0167
September	0.0168	0.0165	0.0167
October	0.0166	0.0162	0.0163
November	0.0166	0.0163	0.0164
December	0.0166	0.0163	0.0164