2018 GMD to KES Historical Review

YEARLY HIGH

2.1776 KES

YEARLY LOW

2.0315 KES

YEARLY AVERAGE

2.1069 KES

2018 GMD to KES Performance & Market Timing Review

Analysis of key historical highlights and timing insights for 2018

During 2018, the GMD to KES exchange rate experienced significant fluctuation. The market reached its absolute peak on January 3, valuing the pair at 2.1776. Conversely, the yearly low was recorded on October 6, dropping to 2.0315.

This high-to-low spread represents a total annual volatility of 0.1461 KES. From a start-to-finish perspective, comparing the January average rate of 2.1435 to the December average rate of 2.0659, the exchange rate registered a net change of -3.62% (reflecting a weakening trend).

Looking at year-over-year peak valuations, the 2018 high of 2.1776 was down 9.57% compared to the 2017 peak of 2.4080, indicating shifts in long-term support levels.

Transfer Payout Power Comparison

Comparing the value generated converting 5,000 GMD based on timing:

Yearly Peak High 10,888 KES

2017 Average 11,291 KES

Yearly Trough Low 10,157 KES

Transaction Impact: A difference of 730.38 KES purely based on transaction execution date.

Trend Visualization

Monthly average fluctuations over the course of 2018.

2.1535

2.0328

JanuMarcMayJulySeptNove

GMD to KES Seasonal Trends & Volatility Analysis

A structured review of seasonal halves, trading extremes, consecutive streaks, and historical baselines.

Seasonal Halves (H1 vs H2)

Seasonal

The average exchange rate in the first half of the year (H1: Jan–Jun) was 2.1381, compared to 2.0757 in the second half (H2: Jul–Dec). This shows that the rate was stronger in the first half (Jan–Jun) by a margin of 0.0624 points.

H1 Avg (Jan–Jun) 2.1381

H2 Avg (Jul–Dec) 2.0757

Volatility Range Comparison

Volatility

The most volatile month in 2018 was January, with a trading range of 0.0752 KES (High: 2.1776 / Low: 2.1023). On the other end, August was the most stable month, with a tight range of 0.0171 KES (High: 2.0990 / Low: 2.0818).

January Spread (Volatile) ±0.0752

August Spread (Stable) ±0.0171

Growth Streaks & Declines

Trends

Between April and June, the exchange rate recorded its longest consecutive growth streak of the year, climbing for 2 straight months. Conversely, the sharpest month-over-month decline occurred between September and October, when the average rate fell by 0.0349 points.

Longest Streak 2 Mo.

Sharpest MoM Drop -0.0349

Same-Month Historical Baseline

YoY Baseline

Comparing the current year's strongest month average (January 2018: 2.1435) against the same month in 2017 (average: 2.3825), the exchange rate shifted by -0.2390 (-10.03%).

2018 Avg (January) 2.1435

2017 Avg (January) 2.3825

Monthly Breakdown

Statistical summary for each calendar month.

Month	High	Low	Average
January	2.1776	2.1023	2.1435
February	2.1613	2.1182	2.1422
March	2.1480	2.1178	2.1382
April	2.1387	2.1172	2.1304
May	2.1537	2.1240	2.1338
June	2.1500	2.1316	2.1405
July	2.1418	2.0803	2.1102
August	2.0990	2.0818	2.0929
September	2.0986	2.0442	2.0778
October	2.0609	2.0315	2.0429
November	2.0803	2.0480	2.0648
December	2.0731	2.0504	2.0659