2016 ISK to PEN Historical Review

YEARLY HIGH

0.0310 PEN

YEARLY LOW

0.0261 PEN

YEARLY AVERAGE

0.0280 PEN

2016 ISK to PEN Performance & Market Timing Review

Analysis of key historical highlights and timing insights for 2016

During 2016, the ISK to PEN exchange rate experienced significant fluctuation. The market reached its absolute peak on December 6, valuing the pair at 0.0310. Conversely, the yearly low was recorded on January 6, dropping to 0.0261.

This high-to-low spread represents a total annual volatility of 0.0049 PEN. From a start-to-finish perspective, comparing the January average rate of 0.0264 to the December average rate of 0.0302, the exchange rate registered a net change of 14.10% (reflecting a strengthening trend).

Looking at year-over-year peak valuations, the 2016 high of 0.0310 was up 17.09% compared to the 2015 peak of 0.0265, indicating shifts in long-term support levels.

Transfer Payout Power Comparison

Comparing the value generated converting 5,000 ISK based on timing:

Yearly Peak High 155 PEN

2015 Average 121 PEN

Yearly Trough Low 130 PEN

Transaction Impact: A difference of 24.48 PEN purely based on transaction execution date.

Trend Visualization

Monthly average fluctuations over the course of 2016.

0.0307

0.0261

JanuMarcMayJulySeptNove

ISK to PEN Seasonal Trends & Volatility Analysis

A structured review of seasonal halves, trading extremes, consecutive streaks, and historical baselines.

Seasonal Halves (H1 vs H2)

Seasonal

The average exchange rate in the first half of the year (H1: Jan–Jun) was 0.0269, compared to 0.0291 in the second half (H2: Jul–Dec). This shows that the rate was stronger in the second half (Jul–Dec) by a margin of 0.0023 points.

H1 Avg (Jan–Jun) 0.0269

H2 Avg (Jul–Dec) 0.0291

Volatility Range Comparison

Volatility

The most volatile month in 2016 was December, with a trading range of 0.0017 PEN (High: 0.0310 / Low: 0.0293). On the other end, September was the most stable month, with a tight range of 0.0005 PEN (High: 0.0297 / Low: 0.0292).

December Spread (Volatile) ±0.0017

September Spread (Stable) ±0.0005

Growth Streaks & Declines

Trends

Between June and November, the exchange rate recorded its longest consecutive growth streak of the year, climbing for 5 straight months. Conversely, the sharpest month-over-month decline occurred between February and March, when the average rate fell by 0.0005 points.

Longest Streak 5 Mo.

Sharpest MoM Drop -0.0005

Same-Month Historical Baseline

YoY Baseline

Comparing the current year's strongest month average (December 2016: 0.0302) against the same month in 2015 (average: 0.0261), the exchange rate shifted by +0.0041 (+15.75%).

2016 Avg (December) 0.0302

2015 Avg (December) 0.0261

Monthly Breakdown

Statistical summary for each calendar month.

Month	High	Low	Average
January	0.0267	0.0261	0.0264
February	0.0278	0.0269	0.0274
March	0.0272	0.0265	0.0269
April	0.0274	0.0261	0.0267
May	0.0273	0.0267	0.0269
June	0.0272	0.0263	0.0269
July	0.0280	0.0267	0.0271
August	0.0290	0.0276	0.0282
September	0.0297	0.0292	0.0294
October	0.0299	0.0293	0.0297
November	0.0306	0.0300	0.0303
December	0.0310	0.0293	0.0302