2021 PEN to GMD Historical Review

YEARLY HIGH

14.3352 GMD

YEARLY LOW

12.4208 GMD

YEARLY AVERAGE

13.3040 GMD

2021 PEN to GMD Performance & Market Timing Review

Analysis of key historical highlights and timing insights for 2021

During 2021, the PEN to GMD exchange rate experienced significant fluctuation. The market reached its absolute peak on January 15, valuing the pair at 14.3352. Conversely, the yearly low was recorded on August 23, dropping to 12.4208.

This high-to-low spread represents a total annual volatility of 1.9143 GMD. From a start-to-finish perspective, comparing the January average rate of 14.2430 to the December average rate of 12.9904, the exchange rate registered a net change of -8.79% (reflecting a weakening trend).

Looking at year-over-year peak valuations, the 2021 high of 14.3352 was down 7.52% compared to the 2020 peak of 15.5009, indicating shifts in long-term support levels.

Transfer Payout Power Comparison

Comparing the value generated converting 5,000 PEN based on timing:

Yearly Peak High 71,676 GMD

2020 Average 73,691 GMD

Yearly Trough Low 62,104 GMD

Transaction Impact: A difference of 9,571.66 GMD purely based on transaction execution date.

Trend Visualization

Monthly average fluctuations over the course of 2021.

14.4154

12.3463

JanuMarcMayJulySeptNove

PEN to GMD Seasonal Trends & Volatility Analysis

A structured review of seasonal halves, trading extremes, consecutive streaks, and historical baselines.

Seasonal Halves (H1 vs H2)

Seasonal

The average exchange rate in the first half of the year (H1: Jan–Jun) was 13.7845, compared to 12.8235 in the second half (H2: Jul–Dec). This shows that the rate was stronger in the first half (Jan–Jun) by a margin of 0.9610 points.

H1 Avg (Jan–Jun) 13.7845

H2 Avg (Jul–Dec) 12.8235

Volatility Range Comparison

Volatility

The most volatile month in 2021 was April, with a trading range of 0.8733 GMD (High: 14.2661 / Low: 13.3927). On the other end, February was the most stable month, with a tight range of 0.1299 GMD (High: 14.1633 / Low: 14.0334).

April Spread (Volatile) ±0.8733

February Spread (Stable) ±0.1299

Growth Streaks & Declines

Trends

Between September and November, the exchange rate recorded its longest consecutive growth streak of the year, climbing for 2 straight months. Conversely, the sharpest month-over-month decline occurred between May and June, when the average rate fell by 0.5143 points.

Longest Streak 2 Mo.

Sharpest MoM Drop -0.5143

Same-Month Historical Baseline

YoY Baseline

Comparing the current year's strongest month average (January 2021: 14.2430) against the same month in 2020 (average: 15.3902), the exchange rate shifted by -1.1472 (-7.45%).

2021 Avg (January) 14.2430

2020 Avg (January) 15.3902

Monthly Breakdown

Statistical summary for each calendar month.

Month	High	Low	Average
January	14.3352	14.1159	14.2430
February	14.1633	14.0334	14.1050
March	14.0689	13.6285	13.8385
April	14.2661	13.3927	13.8644
May	13.9929	13.2805	13.5852
June	13.3768	12.8329	13.0710
July	13.2267	12.8464	12.9910
August	13.0340	12.4208	12.5426
September	12.6708	12.4567	12.5188
October	13.2459	12.4562	12.9036
November	13.0974	12.8888	12.9946
December	13.2399	12.8438	12.9904